结合理论课堂的知识点设计高分子材料合成实验课程

尝试在"高分子材料合成创新实验"课程中将理论课的知识点巧妙地融入到实验教学中，有目的地设置实验环节，通过对实验现象的分析，帮助学生巩固理论课知识点。为了充分利用实验的等待时间，在有目的地组织学生对实验进行预习的基础上，还尝试"激励学生参与"实验课的教学，鼓励学生以实验小组的形式讲解与实验相关联的理论知识，进一步巩固相关知识点，并扩充知识面。2年的实验教学反馈表明，这些尝试既有效巩固了理论课堂的知识点，做到了活学活用，又激发了学生的学习兴趣，提高了分析问题的能力。     

绿色化学实验

绿色化学实验的研究和设计将实现对环境没有或只有很少负作用的理想与目标 ,微型实验、小量 -半微量实验、微波化学实验和计算机辅助的绿色化学实验设计是实现这一目标的一些可能途径。     

Femtosecond vibrational nuclear dynamics in the electronically excited state of the I2 molecule

Dynamics of the nuclear motion in the bound electronic B-state of the I₂ molecule was studied in the real time scale. Experiments were performed by the femtosecond pump-probe technique, which measured the dependence of the intensity of fluorescenceP(t) in the highly excited f-state on the time delay between pump and probe pulses. TheP(t) dependence observed has an oscillating character with a period of –300 fs. The pump pulse was generated by a femtosecond dye laser and amplified in a pulse dye laser amplifier; its spectral width was 5.6 nm, the wavelength in the center of the spectrum was 614 nm, and the duration was 90 fs. The probe pulse was generated in a KDP crystal due to duplication of the light frequency; its spectral width was 1.2 nm, the wavelength in the center of the spectrum was 307 nm, and the duration was 120 fs. TheP(t) dependence on the parameters of the probe and pump pulses was theoretically analyzed in terms of the quantum model based on the known energies of electronic vibrational-rotational states in the X-, B-, and f-terms of the iodine molecule. Experimental and calculatedP(t) plots at time delays of up to l.5 ps and time resolution of less than 100 fs were compared. Values of potentials in the X-, B-, and f-terms of the iodine molecule, spectra, and durations of pump and probe pulses are sufficient data for quantitative calculation of the experimentally obtainedP(t) plot.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 594–600, March, 1996.     

稀土元素表面处理玻璃纤维增强PTFE复合材料的拉伸性能

研究了用稀土元素（RE）处理玻璃纤维表面的最佳用量及其对玻璃纤维增强聚四氟乙烯（GF／PTFE）复合材料拉伸性能的影响。测试了不同表面处理条件下GF／PTFE复合材料的拉伸性能，并对断口形貌进行了SEM分析。结果表明，由于RE对亲和性的作用，RE能够有效地提高玻璃纤维与PTFE之间的界面结合力。当稀土元素在表面改性剂中的含量为0.2%-0.4%时，GF／PTFE复合材料的拉伸性能得到明显提高，并且在RE含量为0．3％时其性能最佳。     

利用Origin双参数拟合表面张力与浓度曲线

在表面张力实验中总结出了一种利用易得易用的Origin软件处理数据的双参数拟合法,不仅更为科学严谨,而且简便易学,适合高校化学实验进行教学改革和计算机辅助教学.     

Tensile versus AFM testing of electrospun PVA nanofibers: Bridging the gap from Microscale to nanoscale

Design and application of mechanically extraordinary nanofibers requires their full comprehension, based on conclusive testing methods. Electrospun polymer nanofibers, for instance, show a progressive and pronounced increase in their Young's moduli when diameters decrease below the µm scale. Measurement of mechanical properties in this diameter range is challenging and in the vast majority of reports, two classes of methods are commonly used: highly sensitive tensile testing and atomic force microscopy three‐point deformation testing. Despite the methods' inherent dissimilarity, we resolve their conformity for the first time, with respect to the determination of Young's moduli. Here, we benchmark them against each other for electrospun polyvinyl‐alcohol nanofibers, a well‐defined model system. Our results provide an experimental basis for a comprehensive understanding of nanofiber structures and its implications on their mechanical properties. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54, 2418–2424     

2017年美国国家化学周活动展示及启示

简要介绍2017年美国国家化学周活动，并得出对我国中学化学教学的启示：（1）营造宽松氛围，实现寓教于乐；（2）凸显证据推理，强化辨识能力；（3）争创绿色教育，长鸣安全警钟；（4）鼓励质疑问难，培养探索精神；（5）拓宽化学阅读，开阔学科视野；（6）开发七彩实验，畅享化学之美。     

培养应用型人才下的高分子化学实验教学改革探讨

高分子实验教学是培养高分子应用型人才重要的实践教学环节。针对应用型人才的培养,根据该校的实验情况,对高分子化学实验教学的改革进行了初步探讨。     

Fiber Structure,Tensile Behavior and Antibacterial Activity of Polylactide/Poly(butylene terephthalate) Bicomponent Fibers Produced by High-Speed Melt-Spinning

Abstract

Various types of bicomponent fibers composed of polylactide (PLA) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) with different molecular weights, arranging the polymers separately in the skin or core, were produced by high-speed melt-spinning. The bicomponent spinning, arranging the PLA with high molecular weight (melt flow rate =1.9?g/10?min, L-lactide content = 98.7%) in the skin and the PBT with low molecular weight (IV = 0.835–0.865 dL/g) in the core, resulted in orientation-induced crystallization in the PLA component at the spinning speed of 2?km/min. This crystallization effect was ascribed to a chain-extending treatment applied to the original PLA (MFR = 4.0?g/10?min) to increase its molecular weight. By the treatment the PLA could crystallize when spun even at 1?km/min in its single-component spinning. On the other hand, the bicomponent spinning system interfered with the orientation-induced crystallization of PBT in the core. As a result, the critical spinning speed needed to generate the orientation-induced crystallization in the core PBT was elevated to 4?km/min. The inferior tensile behavior of the bicomponent fibers, as compared to the single-component PLA or PBT fibers, suggested poor compatibility between PLA and PBT. Transesterification reactions rarely occurred at the interface of the two polymers. The bicomponent fibers prepared from high molecular weight PLA and low molecular weight PBT, however, showed sufficient antibacterial activity and physical properties to be suitable for designing medical clothing materials.     

模块化物理实验教学的方式与策略

结合教学实践,探讨模块化物理实验教学的方式与策略.首先考虑将物理实验项目模块化处理,分阶段依次设置基础性实验模块、综合提高性实验模块和设计研究性实验模块.针对不同阶段的课程模块,应用启发式教学逐步提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力,培养学生的创新能力.